More detail, with pictures, is under How a canal lock works.
Close a lock for a while, or hold a boat back at its start, then re-plan. The page re-solves the schedule right here, in your browser, using the same solver as the command line (with a shorter search), and shows what changed.
Lateness of a boat = minutes after its deadline when it leaves its last lock. Weighted lateness = ∑ priority × lateness (priority 3 is the doctor’s launch, 1 a holiday boat). Lower is better; ties are broken by total water drawn. An invalid schedule scores nothing, so the solver and the page both re-check every rule.
Scores, water levels, waiting reasons and the disruption re-plans are all computed in this page by the same engine (solve.js) that wrote the schedule — nothing about the delays is typed in by hand.